Wrench



WRENCH Filed July 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR 27 19 fiarzesl.flu7izam ATTORNEY July 7, 1931. c. DUNHAM 1,812,938

wasnca Filed July 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 NVENTOR Charzesllflzcnlam ATTORNEY Patented July 7, 1931 CHARLES L. DUNHAM, OIf WELLSBURG, WEST VIRGINIA WRENCH Application filed July 24,

. My invention relates to wrenches of the pivoted inner jaw type and it particularly has for its object to provide a wrench which may be employed as a pipe andv rod wrench over awide range of pipe and rod sizes (for example from one inch to two and one-quarter inches), a wrench which may be used on round or square rods with equal facility, and a wrench which may be, used on square or hexagon nuts. a

Further, it is an object to provide a wrench for the purposesstated that isso constructed that it will be self-adjusting to the various sizes of pipes, rods, nuts, etc. on which it is to be used.

Further, it is an object to provide a wrench in which the movable inner jaw has positive bearing on a considerable surface whereby wear on the pivot pin or stud is practically eliminated.

Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a wrench ofv the type referred to which will effect at least a three-point engagement with the object operated upon and will thus eliminate a serious draw-back now present in wrenches usually used on pipes, i. e. that of eventually cutting through the pipe in places or so marring or weakening the walls of the pipe as to cause leakage to occur after a time.

Further, it is an object to provide a wrench in which the manufacturing factor has been carefully considered and in which theparts have been so designed as to reduce the cost of manufacture to a minimum.

Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a wrench in which the operating end has the general form of a hand in side view, the outer fixed jaw constituting a finger to overlie the work and the inner fixed jaw-carrying member constituting the thumb, on the end of which member is mounted the pivoted aw.

Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a wrench of the character stated in which the crotch of the wrench extends in the same longitudinal direction as the length of the handle thus enabling the tool to work in corners and out-of-way places with case. 7

Further, it is an object of the invention to 1930. Serial No. 470,462.

provide awrench that is neat in appearance as well as effectual in its operation.

Other objects will in part be obvious and in part be pointed out hereinafter.

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends, the invention still further resides in the novel details of construction, combination and arrangement of parts, all of which will be first fully described in the following detailed description, then be particularly pointed out in the appended claim, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, in which I Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the wrench about to be applied to a horizontal p p V Figure 2 is an elevation of the wrench applied to the largest size pipe for turning the same in a clockwise direction (the handle or arm being broken away).

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing the wrench applied to the smallest size plpe. I

Figure 4 is a View similar to Figures 2 and 3, showing the wrench applied to an octagon nut, in dotted lines showing a square rod in position for having the wrench applied.

Figure 5 is a detail perspective view of the fingei per se. 7

w Figure 6 is a detail perspective view of the thumb carrying member.

Figure 7 is a detail perspective view of the pivoted jaw.

. Figure 8 is a detail perspective view of the wrist portion of the arm.

In the drawings in which like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all of the figures, 1 represents the handle or arm having the bifurcated wrist portion 2 to which the hand is secured.

The hand comprises the thumb and finger carrying portion 3, the latter having a flat shank 4 to fit into the bifurcation of the wrist portion 2 to which it is secured in any suitable manner as by rivets 5 or other suitable fastenings.

The rigid finger 6 is preferably separately formed from the portion 3 and is curved as shown, the operating face being P b P vi ed w th war 7..

The member 3 is bifurcated as at 8 to receive theshank 9 of the rigid finger 6, the finger being secured in place by rivets 10 or other suitable fastenings.

The thumb 11 is preferably integrally formed with the member 3 and extends laterally and forwardly therefrom, the thumb and finger being spaced apart to leave a crotch 22 as shown.

The thumb 11 has its endbifurcatedas at 12 and curved to form an outer seat 'I3'andan inner seat 14, the curvature of the seats being.

struck on the center or axis of the pivot pin 15 which pivotally attachestheinner jaw 16;

to the outer end of the thumb 11.

The innerjaw 16*isprovidedwith afV shaped gripping face 17'', preferably serrated, and with bearing shoulders '18 teen-gage the outer curved Seats 13 of the thumb, there being a pivot ear 1'9 provided 'on the jaw'h-av ing' an elongated 'slotQI for the pivotpin 15 The ear also is providedwi-th a-bearing edge 2-0 to engagethe seat 14'. Theen-gageinent of the shoul'dersISwith the be'ari ngseats: 13'

the bifurcations -12align with each 0 and the engagement of the curved edge 20 with theseat 1 L enabling "adirect pressure thrust between the pivoted and fthe thumb without placing shearing pressures on the pivot pin orstud' 1-5 and thusavoids wearon the pivot pin or stud whichw'oulfd soon cause it to shear off.

seen that the arrangement of the pivote'dj-awv issuch'that when'the tool i's brought into en gagement with the object to'beoperatedup'on and p ushedl in-the'dlrectionof the object; the

pressure of 'theobjeetagainst the pivoted jaw is such as to cause a force to be applie'd 'in the directionof' the arrow ((1') -in-- Figure 2 which tendsto swing the ja-vv-=-i n the clockw-ise direction and bringthe lower contacting faceto'ward the pipe P with pressure oper'-, ating in the direction of the arrow (6')}, therereference to the drawings it will be ings, it is thought the complete construction,

operation and advantages of my invention 7 will be clear to those skilled in the art which it relates. I o

What I claim is A wrench of the type described, comprising an arm 'having ahand at one end,.'said hand comprising a body portion, a fixed curved fingeriproj ecting forwardly therefrom in the general directlon of the arm and a fixed thumb projecting" laterally from said body portion and forwardly, said finger and thumb being separated to leave a crotch which extends-in the general longitudinal direction of I the arm,- a pivoted jaw, and a stud pivoting said jaw to 'the end of said thumb to swing into and'out of the crotch, said jaw having a working face and saidIfingerhavin-g a working face cooperating therewith, said thumb having thei-n'ner corner part of'i'ts end curved to constitute a pressure receiving seat: and

said having a shoulder cooperating with said seat, the pivotal connection between saidjaw and said-thumb: being loose, said thumb having its end bifurcated and-said jaw having'an ear to. fitfsa id bifurcation, said eanhaving its'endface curved on' a radius having the pivot stud as a center, and said by insuring a tight contact of the tool with the object at thethree-points (d a=nd '("e In this way ample gripping contact remade was the surface ofthe pipe to tightly hold the same while being turned and thus-prevent the wrench from slippingand'lconsequently cutting-the pipe: 7 a i In the manufacture of the invention the fi'ngert G' 16 is referably made of hardened or tool steel while-the member 3 may" be made of common steel, and the-sew eral parts 1', 3, 6 and le nray' all be die stamped and" thus the cost of manufacture lilep't downto aminimunn.

It will be noticedfthat-the slot WhiGh fOflnS the-bifurcations 8 and theslet' which forms I and may be made by a continuous cut-dun g- -the process of manufacture,- ther'ehy reducing manufacturing costs to a minimum.

I From" the feregein 'descriptienrtaken in c nn ction with the accompanying (new 

